مقدمة ملف “مراجعات آذار 2014”
مركز دراسات الجمهورية الديمقراطية – قسم البحث.
مراجعات نظريّة: ثلاث سنوات من الثورة في سورية
على مشارف انتهاء العام الثالث من البركان السوري الكبير، الذي اختلفت تسميته بين الانتفاضة أو الثورة أو الأزمة، نجد من الضرورة إجراء مراجعات شاملة سواء بصفة مشاركين في الثورة أو مؤيدين لها أو مراقبين حياديين، وذلك من أجل البحث في ما جرى، وما يمكن أن يجري. لقد أودت التطورات بكل التوقعات، سواء تلك التي كانت لدى الثوار ومؤيديهم، أوتلك الخاصة بسلطة الطغاة ومؤيديها؛ فإن كانت لم “تخلَص” فهي لم “تخلُص” أيضا لإسقاط الحكم المثار عليه. على العكس من ذلك، فقد نشأت ظروف حرب أهلية/إقليمية، حاول الطرفان إنكارها طويلاً، كلٌّ لأسبابه.
بعد كل التطورات التي عشناها، نجد أنفسنا أمام ضرورة إجراء مراجعات من أجل:
1) بيان مواطن الخلل في ضروب التحليل التي قمنا بها (لاتزال السلطة الحاكمة قائمة؛ تنامي قوة الأطراف الراديكالية، إلخ. )، وما هي عناصر المشهد التي لم تؤخذ بعين الاعتبار، من أجل الوصول إلى نتائج تفيدنا وتساعدنا على التفكير في قادم الأيّام بعدما تبيّن ضرر غيابها.
2) دراسة آليات تفكير المعارضة، القوى السياسية والتجمعات والأحزاب، القديمة والمستحدثة، وقراءة تجربتها منذ انطلاق الثورة حتى الآن.
3) البحث في خطاب وفكر أطراف المعارضة والثورة بالاستناد إلى أدبياتهم، من مقالات وبيانات وبرامج وخلافها، عبر التدقيق في تحولاتها عبر الزمن.
إذا كان قد أصبح شائعا اليوم الحديث عن “أطوار الثورة السورية” فقد أصبح لازماً البحث في خطابها وسلوكها اللذيْن يشكلان معاً مكونات كل طور من هذه الأطوار، وأسباب وديناميات الانطلاق من طور إلى آخر.
لهذه الأهداف دعا مركز دراسات الجمهورية الديمقراطية مجموعة من الباحثين للمشاركة في ملفه “مراجعات”، بأبحاث منهجية، في المحاور التالية:
ـ مراجعات1: الخطاب السياسي للمعارضات وبرامجها.
ـ مراجعات2: المثقف والثورة/ الثورة والثقافة.
ـ مراجعات3: بنى الثورة البديلة وهياكلها التنفيذية.
ـ مراجعات4: إعلام الثورة بأشكاله المختلفة.
مع العلم أننا سنقوم برفع الأبحاث الواردة تباعاًً.
Appel à contribution
Dossier de Révisions
Reconsidérations intellectuelles à l’occasion du troisième anniversaire de la révolution en Syrie
Voici presque trois ans écoulés jour pour jour depuis le séisme qui a ébranlé la Syrie et à qui on a attribué plusieurs nominations telles que soulèvement populaire, révolution, crise, etc. Au bout de ces trois ans, nous trouvons nécessaire d’effectuer une révision générale quelle que soit notre position à l’égard de cet événement. Nous souhaitons ainsi mieux comprendre ce qui s’est passé, lors de cet événement, et l’avenir proche et lointain de la Syrie. Il est évident aujourd’hui que l’évolution (ou la dégradation si l’on veut) des événements a démenti toutes les prévisions anticipées qu’elles soient celles du régime de Bachar el-Assad et ses fidèles ou celles des rebelles syriens et leurs alliés. Ainsi, si la crise (selon le terme de régime d’el-Assad) n’est pas « finie » comme il prétendait, la révolution n’a pas non plus parvenu à mettre fin à ce régime. Par contre, ce qui a commencé comme révolution pacifique de liberté et de dignité s’est transformé (semble-t-il à cause de l’escalade de la violence exercée par le régime syrien contre « son » peuple) en guerre civile, mais aussi en conflit régional, voire international. Tout cela nous incite à réévaluer cet événement afin de : 1) Dévoiler les mésestimations commises (puisque, contrairement à toute attente, le régime d’el-Assad tient toujours, tandis que les tendances extrémistes se propagent de plus en plus sur le territoire syrien). Nous sommes invités à reconsidérer les éléments qui n’ont pas auparavant été pris en considération. Repenser ce qui n’a pas été pensable jusqu’alors pourrait éclairer les points obscurs dans la scène syrienne et nous aider à prévoir l’avenir de ce pays en proie à la guerre civile. 2) Étudier la conduite de l’opposition (ou plutôt des oppositions) syrienne(s), en l’occurrence ses tendances et ses courants politiques, ses partis (anciens et nouveaux), ses regroupements, etc. 3) Analyser chronologiquement la littérature, les discours, les rhétoriques, les agendas de chacun des deux côtés, à savoir du régime et de l’opposition syriens. Pour toutes ces raisons, notre Centre des Etudes de la République Démocratique a le plaisir de vous inviter à participer à une des Révisions portant sur les axes suivants : Révisions 1 : Les discours politiques des oppositions syriennes et leurs agendas. Révisions 2 : L’intellectuel et la révolution/ la révolution et la culture. Révisions 3 : Les alternatives de la révolution et comment peut-on les réaliser. Révisions 4 : La propagande de la révolution dans ses divers états.
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